systemd-firstboot, systemd-firstboot.service — Initialize basic system settings on or before the first boot-up of a system
systemd-firstboot [OPTIONS...]
systemd-firstboot.service
systemd-firstboot initializes the most
basic system settings interactively on the first boot, or
optionally non-interactively when a system image is created.
The service is started if ConditionFirstBoot=yes
is satisfied. This essentially means that /etc
is empty, see
systemd.unit(5)
for details.
The following settings may be set up:
The system locale, more specifically the two
locale variables LANG= and
LC_MESSAGES
The system keyboard map
The system time zone
The system host name
The machine ID of the system
The root user's password
Each of the fields may either be queried interactively by users, set non-interactively on the tool's command line, or be copied from a host system that is used to set up the system image.
If a setting is already initialized, it will not be overwritten and the user will not be prompted for the setting.
Note that this tool operates directly on the file system and does not involve any running system services, unlike localectl(1), timedatectl(1) or hostnamectl(1). This allows systemd-firstboot to operate on mounted but not booted disk images and in early boot. It is not recommended to use systemd-firstboot on the running system while it is up.
The following options are understood:
--root=root¶Takes a directory path as an argument. All
paths will be prefixed with the given alternate
root path, including config search
paths. This is useful to operate on a system image mounted to
the specified directory instead of the host system itself.
--locale=LOCALE, --locale-messages=LOCALE¶Sets the system locale, more specifically the
LANG= and LC_MESSAGES
settings. The argument should be a valid locale identifier,
such as "de_DE.UTF-8". This controls the
locale.conf(5)
configuration file.
--keymap=KEYMAP¶Sets the system keyboard layout. The argument should be a valid keyboard map,
such as "de-latin1". This controls the "KEYMAP" entry in the
vconsole.conf(5)
configuration file.
--timezone=TIMEZONE¶Sets the system time zone. The argument should
be a valid time zone identifier, such as
"Europe/Berlin". This controls the
localtime(5)
symlink.
--hostname=HOSTNAME¶Sets the system hostname. The argument should be a host name, compatible with DNS. This controls the hostname(5) configuration file.
--machine-id=ID¶Sets the system's machine ID. This controls the machine-id(5) file.
--root-password=PASSWORD, --root-password-file=PATH¶Sets the password of the system's root user.
This creates a
shadow(5)
file. This setting exists in two forms:
--root-password= accepts the password to set
directly on the command line, and
--root-password-file= reads it from a file.
Note that it is not recommended to specify passwords on the
command line, as other users might be able to see them simply
by invoking
ps(1).
--prompt-locale, --prompt-keymap, --prompt-timezone, --prompt-hostname, --prompt-root-password¶Prompt the user interactively for a specific basic setting. Note that any explicit configuration settings specified on the command line take precedence, and the user is not prompted for it.
--prompt¶Query the user for locale, keymap, timezone, hostname
and root password. This is equivalent to specifying
--prompt-locale,
--prompt-keymap,
--prompt-timezone,
--prompt-hostname,
--prompt-root-password in combination.
--copy-locale, --copy-keymap, --copy-timezone, --copy-root-password¶Copy a specific basic setting from the host.
This only works in combination with --root=
(see above).
--copy¶Copy locale, keymap, time zone and root password from
the host. This is equivalent to specifying
--copy-locale,
--copy-keymap,
--copy-timezone,
--copy-root-password in combination.
--setup-machine-id¶Initialize the system's machine ID to a random
ID. This only works in combination with
--root=.
-h, --help¶--version¶